Udham Singh Nagar was a portion of district Nainital before the Tarai belt was separated to form the present Udham Singh Nagar on 30/09/1995.

In the past this land which is full of forest land was neglected till 1948 due to difficult climate. Marshy lands, extreme heat, rains which lasted months,a place full of wild animals, diseases and no means of transportation prevented the human race to form a colony here.

According to Historians, hundreds of years ago village Rudrapur was established by a devotee of lord Rudra or by Hindu tribal chief called Rudra, which has passed through phases of development to take the shape of city Rudrapur. The importance of Rudrapur has increased as it is the head quarter of district Udham Singh Nagar. During the reigns of mughal emperor Akbar this land  was handed  over   to  king Rudra     Chandra  in 1588. The king established a permanent millitary camp to free tarai  from day today invasions. Totaly neglected village Rudrapur was filled with new colours and human activities.There is a saying that Rudrapur was named after king Rudra Chandra.

During the reigns of Britishers, Nainital was made a district and in 1864-65 the whole Tarai and Bhawar was put under "Tarai and Bhawar Government Act" which was governed directly by the British crown.

The history of development started with 1948, when the problem of partition brought refugee problem with it.  Immigrant from north west and eastern areas  were reestablished  in 164.2 square km land area under "up nivesh yojana". Personal dwellers were not alllotted land in accordance with crown grant act. The first batch of immigrants came in December 1948.

People from Kashmir,Punjab,Kerala,Eastern UP,Garhwal, Kumaion,Bengal, Hariyana,Rajasthan, Nepal, and Naidu live in groups in this districts.This country is an example of unity in diversity with people from many religions and professions and so is this Tarai, which has its heart at Rudrapur. Due to this Tarai was named MINI HINDUSTAN.

GEOGRAPHY

The district is situated at 28 degree south east, 30 degree north latitude, 78 degree and 81 degree east longitude of Kumaion. Nainital is to the north, Bijnour, Moradabad,Rampur to west,Bareilly, Pilibhit to south and district Champawat is in the east of this district. South east lies the border of Nepal. Reserved forest area lies at the borders of district Nainital and Champawat. The total district is Tarai. Water is available at the depth of 10 to 20 meters. Due to its special geographical structure the district is leader in agriculture in the country.

The district is situated at 28 degree south east, 30 degree north latitude, 78 degree and 81 degree east longitude of Kumaon. Nainital is to the north, Bijnour, Moradabad, Rampur to west, Bareilly, Pilibhit to south and district Champawat is in the east of this district. South east lies the border of Nepal. Reserved forest area lies at the borders of district Nainital and Champawat. The total district is Tarai. Water is available at the depth of 10 to 20 meters. Due to its special geographical structure the district is leader in agriculture in the country.

The area of the district is 3055 square km. It is divided into three parganas, 4 tehsils,2 sub tehsils. There are 669 revenue villages and 15 forest villages. Out of 669 villages 298 villages are in tehsils Kashipur, 159 in tehsil Kichha, 122 villages are in tehsil Sitarganj and 90 in tehsil Khatima. There are 7 blocks for development work. They are Jaspur, Kashipur, Bajpur, Gadarpur, Rudrapur, Sitarganj and Khatima. These 7 blocks are further divided into 27 Nyaya Panchayat and 326 village Panchayat. Urban area is divided into 8 Palika Parishad Jaspur, Kashipur, Bajpur, Gadarpur,. Rudrapur, Kichha, Sitarganj and Khatima and 7 Nagar Panchayat MahuaDabra, Mahuakheraganj, Kelakhera, Dineshpur, Sultanpur Patti and ShaktiGarh.

POPULATION AND DENSITY ,CENSUS:- According to 1991 census population of Udham singh Nagar is 9.15 Lakhs In which 4.91 Lakhs are Male and 4.24 lakhs are Female. Schedule caste population is 1.21 lakhs and schedule tribe population is .86 lakhs.According to 1991 census total area of Udham Singh Nagar is 1.12 percent of U.P and .65 percent people of the total of U.P. reside here. Population density of U.P is 473 per square kilometer and population density of this district is 299 per square kilometer. In comparison with Uttaranchal 5.75 percent area is of Udham Singh Nagar. Population density of uttaranchal is 132 per square kilometer and this district has 299 per sqaure kilometer. 9.8 percent schedule caste and 40.7 % schedule tribe of Uttaranchal reside in Udham Singh Nagar. According to the census of 1991, 39.3 percent are literate. In literate persons 66.7 % are male and 33.3 % are female. According to the census of the 1991 the number of residential houses in the district is 148497 in which 100089 are in rural area and 48408 are in urban area. According to the 1991 census 153484 families live here . 102444 families are in rural area and 51040 are in urban area.