Social,
Environmental & Economic Sustainability
Our analysis of the rank of the district
Backwardness : 430
Sex Ratio Rank : 33
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : C
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 -2006)
Disability : 447 (Census 2001)
Literacy Ratio : 162 (Census 2001)
Minority : Does not figure in MCD
Water : Flouride in Groundwater above permissible limits
Brief About Jhajjar District
History
Inhabited about eight hundred years ago, Jhajjar city has
many pages of history engulfed in it , Historical buildings, mausoleums,
water-pools having at their banks give the reflection of the historical
tradition of this city . At the time of Gori 's attack on the
king Prithvi Raj in 1191 A.D., the area of Jhajjar was a deserted
forest. There was a town named Malokan in the east of present
Jhajjar city, mostly inhabited by Jats. Delhi and its adjoining
area was affected worst in the battle between Gori and Prithvi
Raj . Most of the villages were deserted adjoining area of Delhi
by the devastation of war. Malokan was also among there ill-fated
villages. Having left their homes and belongings, the residents
of Malokan started living here and there. The rule of Gori was
well-established in Delhi. Villages started inhabiting again.
Brave Chajju Jat, resident of Malokan village made an appeal
to Emperor Shabuddin Gori to rehabilitate the village . Malokan
village had fought bravely to defend the country against the Goris,
probably due to that the emperor rejected the appeal of the residents
of Malokan and ordered to rehabilitate the village somewhere else,
and with this order foundation of Jhajjar city was laid
by Chajju Jat. During the medieval in the rule of Delhi Sultanate
and Tuglak dynasty , this area used to be given as feudatory to
the different regional feudal lords. During this period Sultanate
and Mugal rulers started digging canals in the area of Haryana
.It is said, Feroj Tuglak got created five canals. One of
these canals brought -water from Sutlej to Jhajjar. During the
rule of Akbar , this area was a part of Delhi province.
After the fall of Mugal empire, there was again
an atmosphere of political turmoil. Farukhsheer handed over this
area to his minister Ruknudeen in 1718. Even Ruknudeen could not
handle it and after some years he handed it over to Nawab of Farukh
Nagar . Most area of present - Haryana including Rohtak
came under the control of Nawab's family of Farukh Nagar. During
this period, Raghu Nath Rao and Malhar Rao Holkar with the
helps of Maratha military, attacked on Nawab and charged the heavy
tax. Linder the leadership of Maharaja Suraj Mal, Jats defeated
the Nawab of Farukh Nagar and established their rule. After that
, from 1785 to 1803, it was the period of instability. On the
one hand, Muslim Amiss and Nawabs etc, were making efforts to
maintain their rule and on the other hand they had to face the
attacks of jats, Marathas and Sikhs constantly .
At this point of time, we must necessarily mention the person
who left irrevocable effect on the pages of history. This person
was-George Thomas, Born in a simple family in Ireland, he was
an extremely courageous person . He came to India in a mercantile
marine in about 1780 and cane in to contact with Scendhia feudal
lord Appa Kandi Rao who adopted him as his son impressed by his
bravely. In the due course of time, Appa Kandi Rao offered the
area of Jhajjar, Beri,Mandothi, Patoda to George Thomas. George
Thomas made Jhajjar his headquarter and in view of security constructed
a fort at some distance and named it Georgy garh (modern Jahazgarh).
Feeling happy at his military services, Marathas offered the area
of Panipat, Sonepat and Karnal to him. Intoxicated with the increasing
power, he declared himself independent of Scendhias. With the
aim to establish his independent rule in the whole Haryana ,he
changed his capital from Jhajjar to Hansi, Having seen the increasing
force of George Thomas,Sindhia asked General Paron who was the
governor of Ganga Doab, to attack on George Thomas. George could
not bear it, at last left his rule and went towards Calcutta in
1801.
Within a period of two years after the desertion
of George Thomas the increasing power of Scindhias was destroyed
by the British army under the leadership of General lake. As a
result of treaty after Second Maratha was in 1803 this area came
under the control of East-India company, General
lake was of the opinion that they should not hold under
control the area in the west of Yamuna. He decided that they should
establish small feudatories, in the middle of the area between
the Sikh and East -India company ruled area, which should
safeguard the area of the company . As a result this area was
distributed as feudatories among the Nawabs and Amirs who had
been loyal to company.
In this distribution the area of Rohtak,Beri and Meham was
given to the Nawab of Dujanas Abdusamad Khan .The area of
Jhajjar was given to Nawab Nijabat Alikhan and the area of Bhadurgarh
was given to his brother Nawab Ismail Khan Lohari , Patoda and
Kheri village were given as feudatory of Faiz Muhammed Khan, the
son of Ali Khan. The Nawab of Dujana could not hold this large
area under control consequently his control contracted to
Dujana and Meharana village only. For the proper administration
of the area left by him, district Rohtak was a constituted which
consisted of Gohana, Kharkhoda, Rohtak, Meham and Bhiwani
tehsils.
Nawab Nijabat Ali Khan lived in Delhi. He handed over the responsibility
of the administration of Jhajjar to his son Faiz Muhammed Khan
in 1813. Faiz Muhammed Khan took interest in the progress of Jhajjar.
He got construction many buildings the work of salt-making was
started, many deserted villages were rehabilitated and a dam was
constructed near Badli village. On the one hand, he gave new direction
to the development and on the other hand he gave shelter in his
court to many poets and scholars to promote art and culture. After
the death of Muhammed Khan in 1835 his son sat on the throne.
His administration lasted only for ten years and during these
ten years, the progress achieved during the reign of his father
was mitigated by his cruel and luxurious nature. The last Nawab
of Jhajjar Abdur Rahman sat on throne in 1845. Following the virtues
of his grandfather, Abdul Rahman got constructed a beautiful
palace in Jhanara. He got constructed a palace in Chuchhakwas
village which is being used as rest house at present.
In 1857 the Collectors of Rohtak requested the Nawab for military
help to crush the revolutionists. On the other hand Emperor Bahadur
Shah also wanted the Nawab to participate in the revolution Nawab
declined the request of the collector and supported the revolutionists
and sent his military in their support. The collector of Rohtak
was compelled to run away on foot because of the revolt of the
Indians in British army.
It was not the proper time for the freedom of India, so the English
captured the Delhi again. The Nawab had to surrender before Colonel
Lawrence on 18th October 1857 in Chuchhakwas. He was trailed before
the Military commission where he was sentenced to death
on14th Dec.1857. He was hanged to death on 23rd Dec.1857 in front
of Red Fort in Delhi.
The Nawab of Bhadurgarh also surrendered before the English.
He was not hanged due to his ole age but his property was forfeited
and he was sent to Lahore on monthly pension.
In this way after the struggle of 1857, Jhajjar came under
the direct British Rule, after that the provinces and districts
were reconstituted and Jhajjar was reconstituted as a new district
which consisted of the area of Narnaul and Dadri. But after sometime,
its status as district was forfeited and as a tehsil it was annexed
to district Rohtak.
