Social,
Environmental & Economic Sustainability
Our analysis of the rank of the district
Backwardness : 436
Sex Ratio Rank : 46
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : C
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 -2006)
Disability : 297 (Census 2001)
Literacy Ratio : 333 (Census 2001)
Minority : Does not figure in MCD
Water : Flouride in Groundwater above permissible limits
Brief About Jind District
ORIGIN AND NAME OF THE DISTRICT
The district derives its name from its headquarters town Jind
that is said to be a corruption of Jaintapuri. It is also said
that this town had been founded at the time of Mahabharta. According
to an old saying the Pandavas built a temple in honour of Jainti
Devi (the goddess of victory), offered prayers for success, and
then launched the battle with the Kauravas. The town grew up around
the temple and was named Jaintapuri (Abode of Jainti Devi) which
later on came to be known as Jind.
Location, Boundaries And Area Of The
District
Location
The district lies in the North of Haryana between 29.03’ and 29.51’
North latitude & 75.53’ and 76.47’ East longitude. On its
East and North-East lie the districts of Panipat, Karnal and Kaithal
respectively. Its boundary line on the North forms the inter-state
Haryana- Punjab border with Patiala and Sangurar districts of
Punjab. In the West and South-West it has a common boundary with
district Hisar & Fatehabad and in its South and South-East
lies the district of Rohtak and Sonipat respectively.
Area
The area of the district is 3,606 square kilometers.
Sub-Division & Tahsils The district is divided into three
Sub-Divisionns, Jind Safidon and Narwana. The Jind Sub-Division
comprises two tahsils, viz. Jind and Julana. While the Narwana,
Safidon Sub-Divisions comprises the Narwana & Safidon tahsil
respectively .
PHYSIOGRAPHY
The district of Jind stretching in the northwest to southeast
direction occupies the north-central part of the Haryana. Physiographically,
it constitutes a part of the Punjab-Haryana plain, which is largely
flat and featureless and is formed of Pleistocene and sub-recent
alluvial deposits of the Indo-Gangetic system. Wind action in
the past and man’s role in recent times have played a prominent
part in shaping the relief of the district which is located in
a transitional zone between the sub-humid districts Kaithal, Panipat
and Karnal in the east and the semi-arid district Hisar in the
west.
Broadly speaking, the district is a flat, monotonous upland plain.
It is evident from the fact that the general elevation of the
district ranges between 218 meters and 239 meters above sea level.
As the spot-heights are examined more closely, one discovers that
there is no general and consistent trend in the slope of the area.
However, the northern part of Narwana tahsil presents a saucer
like shape having the highest elevation of 239 meters in the extreme
north near Sanghan village. As one moves south-westward, the ground
level gradually declines reaching its lowest of 226 meters near
the town of Narwana from where it again starts rising until it
reaches 232 meters near Durjanpur village almost on the district’s
border. The southern half of the district, consisting of Jind
and Safion tahsils on the other hand offers a fradual east-to-west
slope. The highest point in this part of the district is reached
near village Bahri (232 meters) and the lowest elevation of 218
meters is met near Rajpura village in the west along the district
border with Hisar district.
There are minor undulations in the general physiographic formation
of the district. These undulations characterise the area having
been subject to wind action in the past and owe their existence
to the presence of sand dunes, sand ridges and depressions at
places. The sand dunes/ridges are now stable generally having
a local relief of 2 to 6 meters. The largest and the highest sand
dune of the district lying north-west of Kakrod village (Narwana
tahsil) on Hisar-Jind border is 2 Kilometers long and quarter
a kilometer wide and has a local relief of 6 meters. This is the
area where large sand ridges occur the most, particularly to the
south-west of Kakrod village. Other areas where sanddunnes occur
frequently are (i) the area along Hisar border between Sulhera
village in the north and Danauda Khurd village in the south where
the local relief ranges between 2 to 5 meters; (ii) the area in
the vicinity of village Ashrafgarh, especially south-west and
south of the village where the sand dunes rise from 2 to 4 meters
above the local relief (iii) the small area lying to south of
Julani village (west of Jind town); and (iv) the area in the proximity
of Jai Jai Wanti village in Jind tahsil which has wide undulations
but where the local relief variations do not exceed 4 meters.
These sand ridges apart, one also comes across thee depressions
at places. The largest of such depressions lies south of Bhambewa
village in Safidon tahsil just on the district border with sonipat
district. This depression extends over 1.5 kilometers of length
and about one kilometers of width and is about 5 metres deep.
Another depression occurs north of village Bithmara (Narwana tahsil
) which extends over 1 kilometer in length and about half a kilometer
in width. The third lies to south of Safidon near village Bahaderpur
and it extends over one kilometer in length and kilometer in width.
In brief, the district does not offer much physiographic diversity.
It is flat, featureless, alluvial upland plain dotted only sporadically
with sand dunes and depressions, yielding a local relief of not
more than 6 metres either way.
Drainage : With regard to the drainage pattern, the complete
absence of major or minor rivers/streams defies any detailed discussion
on drainage. However, it is necessary to mention the entry and
termination of Chautang river into the district near the village
Mundh and its termination near village Bosini into Karnal district
after covering about a distance of ten kilometers in Jind district
GEOLOGY
The district, by and large, is underlain by the quaternary alluvium,
comprising chiefly clays, sand of various grades, kankar and occasionally
gravel and pebbles. It has been observed that the clayey material
generally constitutes between 31 and 81 percent of the caustic
sediments down to a maximum drilled depth of about 151 meters
from the ground level. Granular material comprising chiefly fine
to coarse grained sand with occasional pebbles appear to be ventricular
in shape with their longer axes generally running in the north-south
direction.
Climate
The climate of this district is on the whole dry, hot in summer
and cold in winter. The year may be divided into four seasons.
The cold season from november to march is followed by hot season
which lasts till the onset of the south-west monsoon. The monsoon
withdraws by 15 September and is followed by the Post-monsoon
or the transition period.
Rainfall
The average rainfall over the district as a whole is 55 cm. It
generally increases from south or south-west to east or north-east.
Over 70 per cent of the annual rainfall is received during the
monsoon months of July to September. July and August are the rainiest
months, together accounting for over 50 per cent of the annual
rainfall. Per-monsoon rainfall in June constitutes just about
10 per cent of the annual normal. Some precipitation, constituting
about 10 per cent of the annual rainfall, is also received during
the winter months of December to Februrary in association with
western disturbances which pass across the district or its neighborhood
from west to east, affecting the weather over the district in
this season. The variation in annual rainfall from year to year
is large. In 48 years during 1901 to 1948, Jind which is the only
station in the district with a long period of rainfall record,
had 220 per cent of the annual normal rain in 1933 and only 29
per cent in 1939. Considering the rainfall in individual years
during 48 years, it was less than 80 per cent of the annual normal
in 15 years, including one spell of consecutive 5 years and one
of consecutive two years. The average number of rainy days for
the district is only 25 out of which 18 days are confined to the
months of June to September and 4 days to the winter months of
December to March. This shows that rainfall occurs mainly as showers.
The heaviest rainfall recorded in the district in 24 hours was
225.5 mm at Jind on 11th July 1953.
Temperature
There is no meteorological observatory in the district, On the
basis of records of the observatories in the neighboring districts
where similar climatic conditions prevail, it is stated that from
the beginning of March, temperature increases rapidly till June
which is generally the warmest month. The mean daily maximum temperature
during June is around 41C and the mean daily minimum around 27C.
The heat in summer in intense. On individual days, the day temperature
may occasionally exceed 47 or 48 C. Scorching dust laden winds
which blow during the hot season render the weather very tiring.
Afternoon thunder showers which occur on some days bring some
relief although only temporarily. With the onset of the monsoon
by the end of June or beginning of July there is a drop in the
day temperature but the nights are nearly as warm as in June.
Due to the increase humidity in the air, the weather is oppressive
between the rains. After the withdrawal of the monsoon by about
the middle of September there is a decrease in temperature, the
fall in the night temperature being more rapid. After October
both day and night temperature decreases rapidly. January is usually
the coldest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at about
21 C , and the mean daily minimum at about 6 C in the cold season.
Particularly in January and February, cold winds in the wake of
passing western disturbances affect the district and the minimum
temperature occasionally drops down to below the freezing point
of water.
